Cultural-Historical Geosite of Chahar-Deh Caravansary is one of the most significant and largest Caravansaries of Tabas Geopark, located 17 km north of Tabas and on the side of Tabas-Tehran road. This Caravansary dates back to the Safavid period and is very beautiful in terms of architectural elegance. In his logbook, Sven Hedin mentioned the date of construction of this Caravansary as 1881 by the order of Haji Mollataghi Yazdi.
This Caravansary has undergone many changes over time, including the addition of the outer courtyard and surrounding rooms during the Qajar period. The earthquake of September 16, 1978 destroyed a part of the Caravansary building, but it has been repaired and restored by the private sector. One of the most prominent features of this Caravansary is having a wind catcher with a height of 17 meters, which is the largest wind catcher in South Khorasan province. Chahar-Deh Caravansary is one of the most beautiful Caravansaries in Iran with two courtyards. The first courtyard has no doors and has only four arched entrances. This yard was used as a pre-entrance or counter for the second and main yard. The second courtyard has a strong entrance, the door of which has a very beautiful portal. There is a lead hole above the portal designed to pour hot substances on the attackers and defend the site. Other features of this Caravansary include having a porch, a stable, a small porch, a vestibule, a dock, special shooting holes, rooms, stables, a fountain and a platform. In the past, there were four villages in the area of the Chahar-Deh Caravansary, each of which had an Qanat. In addition to Chahar-Deh, local people also used the term Chahar-Joo[1] (meaning the four water streams) to call this place. As this Caravansary is located between four villages of Mehdi Abad, Tashkanan, Torqinan, and Jowkhah, it is called Chahar-Deh (means four villages).
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